Reasoning Concepts Analogy for all competitive exams

Reasoning

Analogy Concept :

Analogy means 'Similar Items'

There are three types of Analogy.

1)Number Analogy
2)Letter Analogy
3)Word Analogy

The Coding-Decoding test is set up to judge the candidate's ability to decipher the pattern which goes behind a coded message or statement.

Eg 1 : The Number/Alphabet follow a logic.

Find the rule or logic in first part and apply to the second part of question

2 : 4 :: 3 : ?

A : E :: b: ?

Solution:

1)From the first ratio , it is observed that the rule is n:n². Hence Answer is '9';

2)From the first ratio it is observed that, the rule is , (Increasing) A is moved Four Steps (+4)Forward. In the same way B moves four steps forward Hence Answer is 'F'.

A ratio is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second.

Number Analogy :

These types of questions are similar to word analogy. The numbers in the questions follow some logic based on some arithmetic rules.

Find the rule or logic in one part of the question and apply the same logic to the second part of the problems;

Various types of problems based on number analogy are.....

Sl No.	Formulae	Example
1	n : 2n	8:16 :: 12:24
2	n : 3n	4:12 :: 8:24
3	n : kn	8:40 :: 5:25
4	n :	5:25 :: 8:64
5	n :	3:27 :: 4:64
6	n :	36:6 :: 100:10
7	n :	216:6 :: 512:8
8	n : +1	3:10 :: 4:17
9	n : -1	5:24 :: 8:63
10	n : +n	10:110 :: 12:156
11	n : -n	9:72 :: 6:30
12	n : +1	5:126 :: 8:513
13	n : -1	4:63 :: 10:999
14	n :	5:130 :: 6:222
15	n :	5:120 :: 6:210
16	n :	8:81 :: 10:121
17	n :	5:16 :: 7:36
18	n :	5:216 :: 4:125
19	n :	4:64 :: 6:144
20	n :	5:64 :: 4:27
21	Product of Prime No.	6:15 :: 35:77
22	Product of Odd No.	15:35 :: 63:99
23	Product of Even No.	8:24 :: 48:80
24	Square of Prime No.	4:9 :: 25:49
25	n : n+1	6:7 :: 11:12
26	n : n+2	6:8 :: 10:12
27	n : n+k	8:14 :: 20:26
28	n : n-2	15:10 :: 20:15
29	n :	6:108 :: 8:256
30	n :	8:32 :: 10:50
31	n : n(n+1)	8:72 :: 9:90
32	n : n(n-1)	10: 90 :: 8:56
33		3/5 : 34 :: 4/5:41
34		4/5:9 :: 3/5:16
35	a/b : ab	6/7:67 :: 8/9:89
36	a/b : a x b	4/5:20 :: 5/6:30
37	a/b : (a+b)	3/7:10 :: 4/9:13
38	a/b : (a-b)	8/3:5 :: 9/4:5
39	a/b : (b-a)	6/11:5 :: 9/13:4
40	a/b :	¾:49 :: 4/5:81
41	a/b :	4/7:9 :: 5/9:16
42	a/b :	2/3:125 :: ¾:343
43	a/b :	3/5:8 :: 7/11:64
44	abc : ab x c	123:36 :: 234:92
45	abc : (a+b+c)	123:6 :: 432:9
46	abc : (a x b x c)	234:24 : :342:24
47	abc :	234:29 :: 345:50
48	ab : axk, bxk	34:9,12 ::45: 12,15
49	ab : ab, b2	36:6,12 :: 78:14,16
50	ab : a x k, b x k	45:24,30 :: 76:42,36
51		23:827 :: 34:2764
52		24:416 :: 46:1636
53		34:49 : 45:81
54		84:16 :: 63:9
55		23:125 :: 34:343
56		62:64 :: 53:8
57	ab : (a+b) – (a+b)	24:6 :: 36:27
58		24:8 :: 36:15
59		56:19 :: 46:10
60		68:10 :: 34:5
61	abc : (a+b+c)/3	639:6 :: 732:4
62	abc : (a+b+c)/2	738:9 :: 886:11